GCSE Chemistry Titration required practical explained.

Aim

To determine the reacting volume of acid needed to neutralise a known volume of alkali.

Method students should know

1. Use a pipette to measure alkali into a conical flask.
2. Add a few drops of indicator.
3. Fill the burette with acid and record the initial reading.
4. Add acid while swirling until the indicator changes colour permanently.
5. Record the final burette reading and calculate the titre.

Variables

Independent variable

Volume of acid added.

Dependent variable

Endpoint colour change.

Control variables

Volume of alkali, Indicator amount, Concentration of solutions

Safety and common mistakes

• Wear goggles.
• Clamp the burette securely.
• Read the meniscus at eye level.
• Forgetting to subtract initial from final burette reading.
• Adding too much indicator.
• Using rough titres in the mean.